Rails3,Rspec,Factory_girl单元功能测试

Rspec使用行为驱动开发（Behaviour-driven development）,它从外围的业务成果的定义开始，然后深入到那些实现这个成果的功能块上。每一个功能都被收集成一个故事，它按照验收标准来定义这个功能的范围。在everyday中使用了一下，确实发现Rspec可以把测试用例写得更加易于理解。下面来看看如何用Rspec讲故事:

##先从安装说起：

$ gem install rspec
$ gem install rspec-rails
$ gem install factory_girl_rails   #用factory_girl替代rails自带的fixture,因为它更加灵活
$ gem install mocha    #rspec mock对方法对象的gem
$ gem install rcov     #生成测试报告及代码的覆盖度gem

##修改Gemfile,添加如下：

group :development, :test do
  gem "rspec", "~> 2.7.0"
  gem "rspec-rails", "~> 2.7.0"
  gem "factory_girl_rails"
  gem "rcov"
  gem "mocha"
end

##在rails_app中安装rspec：

$ rails generate rspec:install   #生成#rails_app/spec/目录和#rails_app/spec/spec_helper.rb

##现在准备工作完成，我们首先写model的测试用例，以eyd_user 为例，创建#rails_app/spec/support/factory_girl.rb

Factory.define :user, :class=>EydUser do |f|
  f.id 1
  f.name 'tim.tang'
  f.hashed_password 'f154b034cf1e3dad29377e2b4496516889a8c60'
  f.salt '833156400.9654452857118'
  f.email 'tang.jilong@139.com'
end

##我们还需要一个创建#rails_app/spec/models/eyd_user_spec.rb(注意命名规则)

require 'spec_helper'
describe EydUser do
  before(:all) do
	@user = Factory.build(:user)   #在测试前创建@user实例
	@user.save
  end
  it "validates user name should be unique" do
	puts @user.errors.inspect
	@user.should be_valid
  end
  it "validates user name should not unique" do
	user = EydUser.new(:id=>2, :name=>'tim.tang')
	user.save
	user.should_not be_valid
  end
  it "validates password confirmation should not be same" do
	user = EydUser.new(:id=>2, :name=>'tim',:password=>'tim.tang', :password_confirmation=>'tim')
	user.save
	puts user.errors.inspect
	user.should_not be_valid
  end
  it "validates password confirmation should be same" do
	user = EydUser.new(:id=>2, :name=>'tim', :password=>'tim.tang', :password_confirmation=>'tim.tang')
	user.save
	puts user.errors.inspect
	user.should be_valid
  end
  it "should authenticate with matching username&password" do
	EydUser.authenticate('tim.tang','tim83tang').should == @user
  end
  it "should authenticate with incorrect username&password" do
	EydUser.authenticate('tim.tang','tim.tang').should be_nil
  end
  after(:all) do
	@user.delete #测试结束删除
  end
end

##下面我们可以用命令执行：

$ rake spec #将自动执行spec目录下所有测试用例

##以上是model的测试，我们再看看controller的测试,新建#rails_app/spec/controllers/eyd_login_controller_spec.rb：

require 'spec_helper'
describe EydLoginController do
  render_views
  describe "showing up the login screen" do
	it "should start with /login" do
	  get 'login'
	  response.should be_success
	end
  end
  describe "login into admin" do
	before(:all) do
	  @user = Factory.build(:user)
	  @user.save
	end
	it "should login success" do
	  EydUser.stubs(:authenticate).returns(@user)
	  post 'authentication'
	  flash[:notice].should == "User #{@user.name} login success"
	  response.should redirect_to(avatar_index_path)
	end
	it "should login failure" do
	  EydUser.stubs(:authenticate).returns(nil)
	  post 'authentication'
	  response.should redirect_to(login_path)
	end
	after(:all) do
	  @user.delete
	end
  end
  describe "logout admin" do
	it "should logout success" do
	  post 'destroy'
	  response.should redirect_to(login_path)
	end
  end
end

##我们可以通过如下命令，执行测试并生成测试报告：

$ rake spec:rcov

##下面看测试结果以及代码覆盖情况： alt text

##具体的model和controller的代码覆盖：

alt text

具体rspec方面的书可以到这里下载The_Rspec_Book,有空介绍下和CI的集成。（原创文章）

336 Words 09 November 2011 Suzhou, China

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Rails3,Rspec,Factory_girl单元功能测试